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diff --git a/devdocs/c/string%2Fmultibyte%2Fmbrtoc32.html b/devdocs/c/string%2Fmultibyte%2Fmbrtoc32.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f67e7de6 --- /dev/null +++ b/devdocs/c/string%2Fmultibyte%2Fmbrtoc32.html @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ + <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">mbrtoc32</h1> <table class="t-dcl-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code><uchar.h></code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c11"> <td> <pre data-language="c">size_t mbrtoc32( char32_t restrict * pc32, const char * restrict s, + size_t n, mbstate_t * restrict ps );</pre> +</td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(since C11)</span> </td> </tr> </table> <p>Converts a single code point from its narrow multibyte character representation to its variable-length 32-bit wide character representation (but typically, UTF-32).</p> +<p>If <code>s</code> is not a null pointer, inspects at most <code>n</code> bytes of the multibyte character string, beginning with the byte pointed to by <code>s</code> to determine the number of bytes necessary to complete the next multibyte character (including any shift sequences, and taking into account the current multibyte conversion state <code>*ps</code>). If the function determines that the next multibyte character in <code>s</code> is complete and valid, converts it to the corresponding 32-bit wide character and stores it in <code>*pc32</code> (if <code>pc32</code> is not null).</p> +<p>If the multibyte character in <code>*s</code> corresponds to a multi-char32_t sequence (not possible with UTF-32), then after the first call to this function, <code>*ps</code> is updated in such a way that the next calls to <code>mbrtoc32</code> will write out the additional char32_t, without considering <code>*s</code>.</p> +<p>If <code>s</code> is a null pointer, the values of <code>n</code> and <code>pc32</code> are ignored and the call is equivalent to <code>mbrtoc32<span class="br0">(</span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/types/NULL"><span class="kw103">NULL</span></a>, <span class="st0">""</span>, <span class="nu0">1</span>, ps<span class="br0">)</span></code>.</p> +<p>If the wide character produced is the null character, the conversion state <code>*ps</code> represents the initial shift state.</p> +<p>If the macro <code>__STDC_UTF_32__</code> is defined, the 32-bit encoding used by this function is UTF-32; otherwise, it is implementation-defined. <span class="t-rev-inl t-since-c23"><span>The macro is always defined and the encoding is always UTF-32.</span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(since C23)</span></span></span> In any case, the multibyte character encoding used by this function is specified by the currently active C locale.</p> +<h3 id="Parameters"> Parameters</h3> <table class="t-par-begin"> <tr class="t-par"> <td> pc32 </td> <td> - </td> <td> pointer to the location where the resulting 32-bit wide character will be written </td> +</tr> <tr class="t-par"> <td> s </td> <td> - </td> <td> pointer to the multibyte character string used as input </td> +</tr> <tr class="t-par"> <td> n </td> <td> - </td> <td> limit on the number of bytes in s that can be examined </td> +</tr> <tr class="t-par"> <td> ps </td> <td> - </td> <td> pointer to the conversion state object used when interpreting the multibyte string </td> +</tr> +</table> <h3 id="Return_value"> Return value</h3> <p>The first of the following that applies:</p> +<ul> +<li> <code>â0â</code> if the character converted from <code>s</code> (and stored in <code>*pc32</code> if non-null) was the null character </li> +<li> the number of bytes <code>[1...n]</code> of the multibyte character successfully converted from <code>s</code> </li> +<li> <code><span class="br0">(</span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/types/size_t"><span class="kw100">size_t</span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu0">3</span></code> if the next <code>char32_t</code> from a multi-<code>char32_t</code> character has now been written to <code>*pc32</code>. No bytes are processed from the input in this case. </li> +<li> <code><span class="br0">(</span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/types/size_t"><span class="kw100">size_t</span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu0">2</span></code> if the next <code>n</code> bytes constitute an incomplete, but so far valid, multibyte character. Nothing is written to <code>*pc32</code>. </li> +<li> <code><span class="br0">(</span><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/types/size_t"><span class="kw100">size_t</span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu0">1</span></code> if encoding error occurs. Nothing is written to <code>*pc32</code>, the value <code><a href="../../error/errno_macros" title="c/error/errno macros">EILSEQ</a></code> is stored in <code><a href="../../error/errno" title="c/error/errno">errno</a></code> and the value of <code>*ps</code> is unspecified. </li> +</ul> <h3 id="Example"> Example</h3> <div class="t-example"> <div class="c source-c"><pre data-language="c">#include <stdio.h> +#include <locale.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <uchar.h> +#include <assert.h> + +int main(void) +{ + setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8"); + char in[] = u8"zĂć°´đ"; // or "z\u00df\u6c34\U0001F34C" + const size_t in_size = sizeof in / sizeof *in; + + printf("Processing %zu UTF-8 code units: [ ", in_size); + for (size_t i = 0; i < in_size; ++i) + printf("0x%02x ", (unsigned char)in[i]); + + puts("]"); + + char32_t out[in_size]; + char32_t *p_out = out; + char *p_in = in, *end = in + in_size; + mbstate_t state; + memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state)); + size_t rc; + while ((rc = mbrtoc32(p_out, p_in, end - p_in, &state))) + { + assert(rc != (size_t)-3); // no surrogate pairs in UTF-32 + if (rc == (size_t)-1) break; // invalid input + if (rc == (size_t)-2) break; // truncated input + p_in += rc; + ++p_out; + } + + size_t out_size = p_out+1 - out; + printf("into %zu UTF-32 code units: [ ", out_size); + for (size_t i = 0; i < out_size; ++i) + printf("0x%08X ", out[i]); + + puts("]"); +}</pre></div> <p>Output:</p> +<div class="text source-text"><pre data-language="c">Processing 11 UTF-8 code units: [ 0x7a 0xc3 0x9f 0xe6 0xb0 0xb4 0xf0 0x9f 0x8d 0x8c 0x00 ] +into 5 UTF-32 code units: [ 0x0000007A 0x000000DF 0x00006C34 0x0001F34C 0x00000000 ]</pre></div> </div> <h3 id="References"> References</h3> <ul> +<li> C23 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2023): </li> +<ul><li> 7.30.1.5 The mbrtoc32 function (p: 410) </li></ul> +<li> C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018): </li> +<ul><li> 7.28.1.3 The mbrtoc32 function (p: 293-294) </li></ul> +<li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): </li> +<ul><li> 7.28.1.3 The mbrtoc32 function (p: 400-401) </li></ul> +</ul> <h3 id="See_also"> See also</h3> <table class="t-dsc-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="c32rtomb" title="c/string/multibyte/c32rtomb"> <span class="t-lines"><span>c32rtomb</span></span></a></div> +<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> converts a 32-bit wide character to narrow multibyte string <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td> +</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td colspan="2"> <span><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/multibyte/mbrtoc32" title="cpp/string/multibyte/mbrtoc32">C++ documentation</a></span> for <code>mbrtoc32</code> </td> +</tr> </table> <div class="_attribution"> + <p class="_attribution-p"> + © cppreference.com<br>Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.<br> + <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/string/multibyte/mbrtoc32" class="_attribution-link">https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/string/multibyte/mbrtoc32</a> + </p> +</div> |