blob: bf2423f9fe5bc1524411c0f33b36c5f9326a9061 (
plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
|
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">break statement</h1> <p>Causes the enclosing <a href="for" title="c/language/for">for</a>, <a href="while" title="c/language/while">while</a> or <a href="do" title="c/language/do">do-while</a> loop or <a href="switch" title="c/language/switch">switch statement</a> to terminate.</p>
<p>Used when it is otherwise awkward to terminate the loop using the condition expression and conditional statements.</p>
<h3 id="Syntax"> Syntax</h3> <table class="t-sdsc-begin"> <tr class="t-sdsc"> <td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> <span class="t-spar">attr-spec-seq</span> <span class="t-mark">(optional)</span> <code>break</code> <code>;</code> </td> <td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> </td> <td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> </td>
</tr>
</table> <table class="t-par-begin"> <tr class="t-par"> <td> <span class="t-spar">attr-spec-seq</span> </td> <td> - </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(C23)</span> optional list of <a href="attributes" title="c/language/attributes">attributes</a>, applied to the <code>break</code> statement </td>
</tr>
</table> <p>Appears only within the <span class="t-spar">statement</span> of a loop body (<a href="while" title="c/language/while"><code>while</code></a>, <a href="do" title="c/language/do"><code>do-while</code></a>, <a href="for" title="c/language/for"><code>for</code></a>) or within the <span class="t-spar">statement</span> of a <a href="switch" title="c/language/switch"><code>switch</code></a>.</p>
<h3 id="Explanation"> Explanation</h3> <p>After this statement the control is transferred to the statement or declaration immediately following the enclosing loop or switch, as if by <a href="goto" title="c/language/goto"><code>goto</code></a>.</p>
<h3 id="Keywords"> Keywords</h3> <p><a href="../keyword/break" title="c/keyword/break"><code>break</code></a></p>
<h3 id="Notes"> Notes</h3> <p>A break statement cannot be used to break out of multiple nested loops. The <a href="goto" title="c/language/goto"><code>goto</code> statement</a> may be used for this purpose.</p>
<h3 id="Example"> Example</h3> <div class="t-example"> <div class="c source-c"><pre data-language="c">#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
int i = 2;
switch (i)
{
case 1: printf("1");
case 2: printf("2"); // i==2, so execution starts at this case label
case 3: printf("3");
case 4:
case 5: printf("45");
break; // execution of subsequent cases is terminated
case 6: printf("6");
}
printf("\n");
// Compare outputs from these two nested for loops.
for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
for (int k = 0; k < 5; k++)
printf("%d%d ", j,k);
printf("\n");
for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < 5; k++) // only this loop is exited by break
{
if (k == 2)
break;
printf("%d%d ", j,k);
}
}
}</pre></div> <p>Possible output:</p>
<div class="text source-text"><pre data-language="c">2345
00 01 02 03 04 10 11 12 13 14
00 01 10 11</pre></div> </div> <h3 id="References"> References</h3> <ul>
<li> C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018): </li>
<ul><li> 6.8.6.3 The break statement (p: 111) </li></ul>
<li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): </li>
<ul><li> 6.8.6.3 The break statement (p: 153) </li></ul>
<li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): </li>
<ul><li> 6.8.6.3 The break statement (p: 138) </li></ul>
<li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): </li>
<ul><li> 3.6.6.3 The break statement </li></ul>
</ul> <h3 id="See_also"> See also</h3> <table class="t-dsc-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <code>[[<a href="attributes/fallthrough" title="c/language/attributes/fallthrough">fallthrough</a>]]</code><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(C23)</span> </td> <td> indicates that the fall through from the previous case label is intentional and should not be diagnosed by a compiler that warns on fall-through<br><span class="t-mark">(attribute specifier)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td colspan="2"> <span><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/break" title="cpp/language/break">C++ documentation</a></span> for <span class=""><span><code>break</code> statement</span></span> </td>
</tr> </table> <div class="_attribution">
<p class="_attribution-p">
© cppreference.com<br>Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.<br>
<a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/language/break" class="_attribution-link">https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/language/break</a>
</p>
</div>
|
