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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">ctanf, ctan, ctanl</h1> <table class="t-dcl-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code><complex.h></code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">float complex ctanf( float complex z );</pre>
</td> <td> (1) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">double complex ctan( double complex z );</pre>
</td> <td> (2) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">long double complex ctanl( long double complex z );</pre>
</td> <td> (3) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code><tgmath.h></code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">#define tan( z )</pre>
</td> <td> (4) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> </table> <div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">1-3)</span> Computes the complex tangent of <code>z</code>.</div> <div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">4)</span> Type-generic macro: If <code>z</code> has type <code><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">double</span> <a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/complex/complex"><span class="kw743">complex</span></a></code>, <code>ctanl</code> is called. if <code>z</code> has type <code><span class="kw4">double</span> <a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/complex/complex"><span class="kw743">complex</span></a></code>, <code>ctan</code> is called, if <code>z</code> has type <code><span class="kw4">float</span> <a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/complex/complex"><span class="kw743">complex</span></a></code>, <code>ctanf</code> is called. If <code>z</code> is real or integer, then the macro invokes the corresponding real function (<code>tanf</code>, <code><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/tan"><span class="kw671">tan</span></a></code>, <code>tanl</code>). If <code>z</code> is imaginary, then the macro invokes the corresponding real version of the function <code><a href="../math/tanh" title="c/numeric/math/tanh">tanh</a></code>, implementing the formula tan(iy) = i tanh(y), and the return type is imaginary.</div> <h3 id="Parameters"> Parameters</h3> <table class="t-par-begin"> <tr class="t-par"> <td> z </td> <td> - </td> <td> complex argument </td>
</tr>
</table> <h3 id="Return_value"> Return value</h3> <p>If no errors occur, the complex tangent of <code>z</code> is returned.</p>
<p>Errors and special cases are handled as if the operation is implemented by <code><span class="sy2">-</span>i <span class="sy2">*</span> <a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/complex/ctanh"><span class="kw811">ctanh</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>i<span class="sy2">*</span>z<span class="br0">)</span></code>, where <code>i</code> is the imaginary unit.</p>
<h3 id="Notes"> Notes</h3> <p>Tangent is an analytical function on the complex plain and has no branch cuts. It is periodic with respect to the real component, with period πi, and has poles of the first order along the real line, at coordinates (π(1/2 + n), 0). However no common floating-point representation is able to represent π/2 exactly, thus there is no value of the argument for which a pole error occurs. Mathematical definition of the tangent is tan z =</p>
<span><span>i(e-iz-eiz)</span><span>/</span><span>e-iz+eiz</span></span> <h3 id="Example"> Example</h3> <div class="t-example"> <div class="c source-c"><pre data-language="c">#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <complex.h>
int main(void)
{
double complex z = ctan(1); // behaves like real tangent along the real line
printf("tan(1+0i) = %f%+fi ( tan(1)=%f)\n", creal(z), cimag(z), tan(1));
double complex z2 = ctan(I); // behaves like tanh along the imaginary line
printf("tan(0+1i) = %f%+fi (tanh(1)=%f)\n", creal(z2), cimag(z2), tanh(1));
}</pre></div> <p>Output:</p>
<div class="text source-text"><pre data-language="c">tan(1+0i) = 1.557408+0.000000i ( tan(1)=1.557408)
tan(0+1i) = 0.000000+0.761594i (tanh(1)=0.761594)</pre></div> </div> <h3 id="References"> References</h3> <ul>
<li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): </li>
<ul>
<li> 7.3.5.6 The ctan functions (p: 192) </li>
<li> 7.25 Type-generic complex <tgmath.h> (p: 373-375) </li>
<li> G.7 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 545) </li>
</ul>
<li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): </li>
<ul>
<li> 7.3.5.6 The ctan functions (p: 174) </li>
<li> 7.22 Type-generic complex <tgcomplex.h> (p: 335-337) </li>
<li> G.7 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 480) </li>
</ul>
</ul> <h3 id="See_also"> See also</h3> <table class="t-dsc-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="ctanh" title="c/numeric/complex/ctanh"> <span class="t-lines"><span>ctanh</span><span>ctanhf</span><span>ctanhl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes the complex hyperbolic tangent <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="csin" title="c/numeric/complex/csin"> <span class="t-lines"><span>csin</span><span>csinf</span><span>csinl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes the complex sine <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="ccos" title="c/numeric/complex/ccos"> <span class="t-lines"><span>ccos</span><span>ccosf</span><span>ccosl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes the complex cosine <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="catan" title="c/numeric/complex/catan"> <span class="t-lines"><span>catan</span><span>catanf</span><span>catanl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes the complex arc tangent <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="../math/tan" title="c/numeric/math/tan"> <span class="t-lines"><span>tan</span><span>tanf</span><span>tanl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes tangent (\({\small\tan{x} }\)tan(x)) <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td colspan="2"> <span><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/complex/tan" title="cpp/numeric/complex/tan">C++ documentation</a></span> for <code>tan</code> </td>
</tr> </table> <div class="_attribution">
<p class="_attribution-p">
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