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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">sin, sinf, sinl</h1> <table class="t-dcl-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code><math.h></code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">float sinf( float arg );</pre>
</td> <td> (1) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl"> <td> <pre data-language="c">double sin( double arg );</pre>
</td> <td> (2) </td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">long double sinl( long double arg );</pre>
</td> <td> (3) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c23"> <td> <pre data-language="c">_Decimal32 sind32( _Decimal32 arg );</pre>
</td> <td> (4) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(since C23)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c23"> <td> <pre data-language="c">_Decimal64 sind64( _Decimal64 arg );</pre>
</td> <td> (5) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(since C23)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c23"> <td> <pre data-language="c">_Decimal128 sind128( _Decimal128 arg );</pre>
</td> <td> (6) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(since C23)</span> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code><tgmath.h></code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl t-since-c99"> <td> <pre data-language="c">#define sin( arg )</pre>
</td> <td> (7) </td> <td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(since C99)</span> </td> </tr> </table> <div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">1-3)</span> Computes the sine of <code>arg</code> (measured in radians).</div> <div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">7)</span> Type-generic macro: If the argument has type <code>long double</code>, <span class="t-v">(3)</span> (<code>sinl</code>) is called. Otherwise, if the argument has integer type or the type <code>double</code>, <span class="t-v">(2)</span> (<code>sin</code>) is called. Otherwise, <span class="t-v">(1)</span> (<code>sinf</code>) is called. If the argument is complex, then the macro invokes the corresponding complex function (<code><a href="../complex/csin" title="c/numeric/complex/csin">csinl</a></code>, <code><a href="../complex/csin" title="c/numeric/complex/csin">csin</a></code>, <code><a href="../complex/csin" title="c/numeric/complex/csin">csinf</a></code>).</div> <table class="t-rev-begin"> <tr class="t-rev t-since-c23">
<td> <p>The functions <span class="t-v">(4-6)</span> are declared if and only if the implementation predefines <code>__STDC_IEC_60559_DFP__</code> (i.e. the implementation supports decimal floating-point numbers).</p>
</td> <td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c23">(since C23)</span></td>
</tr> </table> <h3 id="Parameters"> Parameters</h3> <table class="t-par-begin"> <tr class="t-par"> <td> arg </td> <td> - </td> <td> floating-point value representing an angle in radians </td>
</tr>
</table> <h3 id="Return_value"> Return value</h3> <p>If no errors occur, the sine of <code>arg</code> (sin(arg)) in the range [-1 ; +1], is returned.</p>
<table class="t-rev-begin"> <tr class="t-rev t-until-c99">
<td> <p>The result may have little or no significance if the magnitude of <code>arg</code> is large.</p>
</td> <td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-c99">(until C99)</span></td>
</tr> </table> <p>If a domain error occurs, an implementation-defined value is returned (NaN where supported).</p>
<p>If a range error occurs due to underflow, the correct result (after rounding) is returned.</p>
<h3 id="Error_handling"> Error handling</h3> <p>Errors are reported as specified in <a href="math_errhandling" title="c/numeric/math/math errhandling"><code>math_errhandling</code></a>.</p>
<p>If the implementation supports IEEE floating-point arithmetic (IEC 60559):</p>
<ul>
<li> if the argument is ±0, it is returned unmodified; </li>
<li> if the argument is ±∞, NaN is returned and <code><a href="../fenv/fe_exceptions" title="c/numeric/fenv/FE exceptions">FE_INVALID</a></code> is raised; </li>
<li> if the argument is NaN, NaN is returned. </li>
</ul> <h3 id="Notes"> Notes</h3> <p>The case where the argument is infinite is not specified to be a domain error in C, but it is defined as a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sin.html">domain error in POSIX</a>.</p>
<p>POSIX also specifies that in case of underflow, <code>arg</code> is returned unmodified, and if that is not supported, an implementation-defined value no greater than <code><a href="../../types/limits" title="c/types/limits">DBL_MIN</a></code>, <code><a href="../../types/limits" title="c/types/limits">FLT_MIN</a></code>, and <code><a href="../../types/limits" title="c/types/limits">LDBL_MIN</a></code> is returned.</p>
<h3 id="Example"> Example</h3> <div class="t-example"> <div class="c source-c"><pre data-language="c">#include <errno.h>
#include <fenv.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#ifndef __GNUC__
#pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
#endif
int main(void)
{
const double pi = acos(-1);
// typical usage
printf("sin(pi/6) = %f\n", sin(pi / 6));
printf("sin(pi/2) = %f\n", sin(pi / 2));
printf("sin(-3*pi/4) = %f\n", sin(-3 * pi / 4));
// special values
printf("sin(+0) = %f\n", sin(0.0));
printf("sin(-0) = %f\n", sin(-0.0));
// error handling
feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);
printf("sin(INFINITY) = %f\n", sin(INFINITY));
if (fetestexcept(FE_INVALID))
puts(" FE_INVALID raised");
}</pre></div> <p>Possible output:</p>
<div class="text source-text"><pre data-language="c">sin(pi/6) = 0.500000
sin(pi/2) = 1.000000
sin(-3*pi/4) = -0.707107
sin(+0) = 0.000000
sin(-0) = -0.000000
sin(INFINITY) = -nan
FE_INVALID raised</pre></div> </div> <h3 id="References"> References</h3> <ul>
<li> C23 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2023): </li>
<ul>
<li> 7.12.4.6 The sin functions (p: TBD) </li>
<li> 7.27 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: TBD) </li>
<li> F.10.1.6 The sin functions (p: TBD) </li>
</ul>
<li> C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018): </li>
<ul>
<li> 7.12.4.6 The sin functions (p: 175) </li>
<li> 7.25 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 272-273) </li>
<li> F.10.1.6 The sin functions (p: 378) </li>
</ul>
<li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): </li>
<ul>
<li> 7.12.4.6 The sin functions (p: 239-240) </li>
<li> 7.25 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 373-375) </li>
<li> F.10.1.6 The sin functions (p: 519) </li>
</ul>
<li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): </li>
<ul>
<li> 7.12.4.6 The sin functions (p: 220) </li>
<li> 7.22 Type-generic math <tgmath.h> (p: 335-337) </li>
<li> F.9.1.6 The sin functions (p: 456) </li>
</ul>
<li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): </li>
<ul><li> 4.5.2.6 The sin function </li></ul>
</ul> <h3 id="See_also"> See also</h3> <table class="t-dsc-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="cos" title="c/numeric/math/cos"> <span class="t-lines"><span>cos</span><span>cosf</span><span>cosl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes cosine (\({\small\cos{x} }\)cos(x)) <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="tan" title="c/numeric/math/tan"> <span class="t-lines"><span>tan</span><span>tanf</span><span>tanl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes tangent (\({\small\tan{x} }\)tan(x)) <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="asin" title="c/numeric/math/asin"> <span class="t-lines"><span>asin</span><span>asinf</span><span>asinl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes arc sine (\({\small\arcsin{x} }\)arcsin(x)) <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="../complex/csin" title="c/numeric/complex/csin"> <span class="t-lines"><span>csin</span><span>csinf</span><span>csinl</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div> </td> <td> computes the complex sine <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td colspan="2"> <span><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/math/sin" title="cpp/numeric/math/sin">C++ documentation</a></span> for <code>sin</code> </td>
</tr> </table> <div class="_attribution">
<p class="_attribution-p">
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</p>
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