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break statement

Causes the enclosing for, while or do-while loop or switch statement to terminate.

-

Used when it is otherwise awkward to terminate the loop using the condition expression and conditional statements.

-

Syntax

- -
attr-spec-seq (optional) break ;
- -
attr-spec-seq - (C23) optional list of attributes, applied to the break statement

Appears only within the statement of a loop body (while, do-while, for) or within the statement of a switch.

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Explanation

After this statement the control is transferred to the statement or declaration immediately following the enclosing loop or switch, as if by goto.

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Keywords

break

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Notes

A break statement cannot be used to break out of multiple nested loops. The goto statement may be used for this purpose.

-

Example

#include <stdio.h>
- 
-int main(void)
-{
-    int i = 2;
-    switch (i)
-    {
-        case 1: printf("1");
-        case 2: printf("2");   // i==2, so execution starts at this case label
-        case 3: printf("3");
-        case 4:
-        case 5: printf("45");
-                break;         // execution of subsequent cases is terminated
-        case 6: printf("6");
-    }
-    printf("\n");
- 
-    // Compare outputs from these two nested for loops.
-    for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
-        for (int k = 0; k < 5; k++)
-            printf("%d%d ", j,k);
-    printf("\n");
- 
-    for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
-    {
-        for (int k = 0; k < 5; k++) // only this loop is exited by break
-        {
-            if (k == 2)
-                break;
-            printf("%d%d ", j,k);
-        }
-    }
-}

Possible output:

-
2345
-00 01 02 03 04 10 11 12 13 14
-00 01 10 11

References

See also

- -
[[fallthrough]](C23) indicates that the fall through from the previous case label is intentional and should not be diagnosed by a compiler that warns on fall-through
(attribute specifier)
C++ documentation for break statement
-

- © cppreference.com
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.
- https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/language/break -

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