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atof

Defined in header <stdlib.h> 
double atof( const char* str );
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Interprets a floating-point value in a byte string pointed to by str.

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Function discards any whitespace characters (as determined by isspace) until first non-whitespace character is found. Then it takes as many characters as possible to form a valid floating-point representation and converts them to a floating-point value. The valid floating-point value can be one of the following:

- - -
    -
  • hexadecimal floating-point expression. It consists of the following parts:
    • -
      -
    • (optional) plus or minus sign
      • -
    • 0x or 0X
      • -
    • nonempty sequence of hexadecimal digits optionally containing a decimal-point character (as determined by the current C locale) (defines significand)
      • -
    • (optional) p or P followed with optional minus or plus sign and nonempty sequence of decimal digits (defines exponent to base 2)
      • -
    -
  • infinity expression. It consists of the following parts:
    • -
      -
    • (optional) plus or minus sign
      • -
    • INF or INFINITY ignoring case
      • -
    -
  • not-a-number expression. It consists of the following parts:
    • -
      -
    • (optional) plus or minus sign
      • -
    • NAN or NAN(char_sequence) ignoring case of the NAN part. char_sequence can only contain digits, Latin letters, and underscores. The result is a quiet NaN floating-point value.
      • -
    -
 (since C99)

Parameters

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str - pointer to the null-terminated byte string to be interpreted

Return value

double value corresponding to the contents of str on success. If the converted value falls out of range of the return type, the return value is undefined. If no conversion can be performed, 0.0 is returned.

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Notes

The name stands for "ASCII to float".

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Example

#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
- 
-int main(void)
-{
-    printf("%g\n", atof("  -0.0000000123junk"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("0.012"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("15e16"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("-0x1afp-2"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("inF"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("Nan"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("1.0e+309"));   // UB: out of range of double
-    printf("%g\n", atof("0.0"));
-    printf("%g\n", atof("junk"));       // no conversion can be performed
-}

Possible output:

-
-1.23e-08
-0.012
-1.5e+17
--107.75
-inf
-nan
-inf
-0
-0

References

See also

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-
(C99)(C99)
 converts a byte string to a floating point value
(function)
C++ documentation for atof
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- © cppreference.com
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.
- https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/string/byte/atof -

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