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+;;; convert-org-contacts-birthdays.el --- Convert org-contacts birthdays to plain timestamps -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
+
+;; Copyright (C) 2025 Craig Jennings
+
+;; Author: Craig Jennings <c@cjennings.net>
+;; Version: 1.0.0
+;; Package-Requires: ((emacs "27.1") (org "9.0"))
+;; Keywords: calendar, org-mode
+;; URL: https://github.com/cjennings/chime.el
+
+;; This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+;; (at your option) any later version.
+
+;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;; GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;; along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+;;; Commentary:
+
+;; This utility converts org-contacts files IN-PLACE, adding birthday timestamps.
+;;
+;; Problem:
+;; When using chime.el with org-contacts diary sexps like
+;; %%(org-contacts-anniversaries), the async subprocess needs org-contacts
+;; loaded or you get "Bad sexp" errors.
+;;
+;; Solution:
+;; Convert your contacts.org file in-place by adding plain yearly repeating
+;; timestamps after each contact's properties drawer. The :BIRTHDAY: property
+;; is kept for vCard export compatibility.
+;;
+;; Usage:
+;;   M-x chime-convert-contacts-in-place RET ~/org/contacts.org RET
+;;
+;; Input:  Contact with :BIRTHDAY: property
+;;   * Alice Anderson
+;;   :PROPERTIES:
+;;   :EMAIL: alice@example.com
+;;   :BIRTHDAY: 1985-03-15
+;;   :END:
+;;
+;; Output: Same contact with added timestamp
+;;   * Alice Anderson
+;;   :PROPERTIES:
+;;   :EMAIL: alice@example.com
+;;   :BIRTHDAY: 1985-03-15
+;;   :END:
+;;   <1985-03-15 Fri +1y>
+;;
+;; After conversion:
+;; 1. Comment out %%(org-contacts-anniversaries) from schedule.org
+;; 2. Birthdays appear in agenda via plain timestamps
+;; 3. Chime works without errors
+;; 4. vCard export still works
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'org)
+
+(defun chime--extract-birthday-year (birthday-string)
+  "Extract year from BIRTHDAY-STRING, handling various formats.
+Returns nil if no year is present or if year should be ignored.
+Handles formats like:
+  2000-03-15
+  03-15
+  1985-12-25"
+  (when (string-match "^\\([0-9]\\{4\\}\\)-[0-9]\\{2\\}-[0-9]\\{2\\}$" birthday-string)
+    (string-to-number (match-string 1 birthday-string))))
+
+(defun chime--parse-birthday (birthday-string)
+  "Parse BIRTHDAY-STRING into (YEAR MONTH DAY) list.
+YEAR may be nil if not present in the string.
+Handles formats:
+  2000-03-15 → (2000 3 15)
+  03-15      → (nil 3 15)
+  1985-12-25 → (1985 12 25)"
+  (cond
+   ;; Format: YYYY-MM-DD
+   ((string-match "^\\([0-9]\\{4\\}\\)-\\([0-9]\\{2\\}\\)-\\([0-9]\\{2\\}\\)$" birthday-string)
+    (list (string-to-number (match-string 1 birthday-string))
+          (string-to-number (match-string 2 birthday-string))
+          (string-to-number (match-string 3 birthday-string))))
+   ;; Format: MM-DD
+   ((string-match "^\\([0-9]\\{2\\}\\)-\\([0-9]\\{2\\}\\)$" birthday-string)
+    (list nil
+          (string-to-number (match-string 1 birthday-string))
+          (string-to-number (match-string 2 birthday-string))))
+   (t
+    (user-error "Cannot parse birthday format: %s (expected YYYY-MM-DD or MM-DD)" birthday-string))))
+
+(defun chime--format-birthday-timestamp (year month day)
+  "Format birthday as org timestamp.
+If YEAR is nil, uses current year.
+Returns yearly repeating timestamp like <2026-03-15 Sun +1y>."
+  (let* ((use-year (or year (nth 5 (decode-time))))
+         (time (encode-time 0 0 0 day month use-year))
+         (dow (format-time-string "%a" time))
+         (date-str (format "%04d-%02d-%02d" use-year month day)))
+    (format "<%s %s +1y>" date-str dow)))
+
+(defun chime--backup-contacts-file (contacts-file)
+  "Create timestamped backup of CONTACTS-FILE.
+Returns the backup file path."
+  (let* ((backup-name (format "%s.backup-%s"
+                             contacts-file
+                             (format-time-string "%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S")))
+         (backup-path (expand-file-name backup-name)))
+    (copy-file contacts-file backup-path)
+    backup-path))
+
+(defun chime--insert-birthday-timestamp-after-drawer (birthday-value)
+  "Insert birthday timestamp after current properties drawer.
+BIRTHDAY-VALUE is the value from :BIRTHDAY: property (YYYY-MM-DD or MM-DD).
+Point should be at the heading with the properties drawer.
+Does not insert if a yearly repeating timestamp already exists."
+  (let* ((parsed (chime--parse-birthday birthday-value))
+         (year (nth 0 parsed))
+         (month (nth 1 parsed))
+         (day (nth 2 parsed))
+         (timestamp (chime--format-birthday-timestamp year month day))
+         (heading-end (save-excursion (outline-next-heading) (point))))
+    ;; Find end of properties drawer
+    (when (re-search-forward "^[ \t]*:END:[ \t]*$" heading-end t)
+      (let ((drawer-end (point)))
+        ;; Check if a yearly repeating timestamp already exists between drawer end and next heading
+        (goto-char drawer-end)
+        (unless (re-search-forward "<[0-9]\\{4\\}-[0-9]\\{2\\}-[0-9]\\{2\\}[^>]*\\+1y>" heading-end t)
+          ;; No existing yearly timestamp found, insert new one
+          (goto-char drawer-end)
+          (end-of-line)
+          (insert "\n" timestamp))))))
+
+(defun chime--process-contact-entry ()
+  "Process current contact entry, adding birthday timestamp if needed.
+Returns t if birthday was added, nil otherwise.
+Point should be at the heading."
+  (let ((birthday-value (org-entry-get (point) "BIRTHDAY")))
+    (when (and birthday-value
+               (not (string-blank-p birthday-value)))
+      (chime--insert-birthday-timestamp-after-drawer birthday-value)
+      t)))
+
+(defun chime--convert-contacts-file-in-place (contacts-file)
+  "Convert CONTACTS-FILE in-place, adding birthday timestamps.
+Creates a backup first. Returns number of birthdays converted."
+  (let ((count 0)
+        (backup-file (chime--backup-contacts-file contacts-file)))
+    (with-current-buffer (find-file-noselect contacts-file)
+      (save-excursion
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        ;; Process each heading
+        (while (re-search-forward "^\\* " nil t)
+          (beginning-of-line)
+          (when (chime--process-contact-entry)
+            (setq count (1+ count)))
+          (outline-next-heading)))
+      (save-buffer))
+    (cons count backup-file)))
+
+;;;###autoload
+(defun chime-convert-contacts-in-place (contacts-file)
+  "Convert org-contacts file IN-PLACE, adding birthday timestamps.
+
+SAFETY: Creates timestamped backup before modifying the file.
+
+What this does:
+- Creates backup: contacts.org.backup-YYYY-MM-DD-HHMMSS
+- For each contact with :BIRTHDAY: property:
+  - Adds plain timestamp after properties drawer: <YYYY-MM-DD DayOfWeek +1y>
+  - KEEPS the :BIRTHDAY: property (for vCard export)
+- Writes changes to original file
+
+After conversion:
+1. Comment out %%(org-contacts-anniversaries) in your schedule file
+2. Birthdays will appear in agenda via plain timestamps
+3. Chime will work without errors
+4. vCard export still works via :BIRTHDAY: property
+
+Example:
+  Before:
+    * Alice Anderson
+    :PROPERTIES:
+    :EMAIL: alice@example.com
+    :BIRTHDAY: 1985-03-15
+    :END:
+
+  After:
+    * Alice Anderson
+    :PROPERTIES:
+    :EMAIL: alice@example.com
+    :BIRTHDAY: 1985-03-15
+    :END:
+    <1985-03-15 Fri +1y>
+
+Example usage:
+  M-x chime-convert-contacts-in-place RET ~/org/contacts.org RET"
+  (interactive "fContacts file to convert: ")
+
+  (let ((contacts-file (expand-file-name contacts-file)))
+    ;; Validate file exists
+    (unless (file-exists-p contacts-file)
+      (user-error "File does not exist: %s" contacts-file))
+
+    ;; Safety confirmation
+    (unless (yes-or-no-p
+             (format "This will MODIFY %s (backup will be created). Continue? "
+                     contacts-file))
+      (user-error "Conversion cancelled"))
+
+    ;; Perform conversion
+    (let* ((result (chime--convert-contacts-file-in-place contacts-file))
+           (count (car result))
+           (backup-file (cdr result)))
+
+      (if (= count 0)
+          (progn
+            (message "No birthdays found to convert in %s" contacts-file)
+            (message "Backup created at: %s (you may want to delete it)" backup-file))
+        (message "Converted %d birthday%s in %s"
+                 count
+                 (if (= count 1) "" "s")
+                 contacts-file)
+        (message "Backup saved to: %s" backup-file)
+        (message "Next steps:")
+        (message "  1. Comment out: %%(org-contacts-anniversaries)")
+        (message "  2. Run M-x chime-check to verify")
+        (message "  3. Delete backup if conversion looks good")))))
+
+(provide 'convert-org-contacts-birthdays)
+;;; convert-org-contacts-birthdays.el ends here