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+    <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">stdin, stdout, stderr</h1>            <table class="t-dcl-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl"> <td> <pre data-language="c">#define stdin  /* implementation-defined */</pre>
+</td> <td> (1) </td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl"> <td> <pre data-language="c">#define stdout /* implementation-defined */</pre>
+</td> <td> (2) </td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl"> <td> <pre data-language="c">#define stderr /* implementation-defined */</pre>
+</td> <td> (3) </td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> </tr>  </table> <p>Three text streams are predefined. These streams are implicitly opened and unoriented at program startup.</p>
+<div class="t-li1">
+<span class="t-li">1)</span> Associated with the <i>standard input</i> stream, used for reading conventional input. At program startup, the stream is fully buffered if and only if the stream can be determined to not refer to an interactive device.</div> <div class="t-li1">
+<span class="t-li">2)</span> Associated with the <i>standard output</i> stream, used for writing conventional output. At program startup, the stream is fully buffered if and only if the stream can be determined to not refer to an interactive device.</div> <div class="t-li1">
+<span class="t-li">3)</span> Associated with the <i>standard error</i> stream, used for writing diagnostic output. At program startup, the stream is not fully buffered.</div> <p>What constitutes an interactive device is implementation-defined.</p>
+<p>These macros are expanded to expressions of type <code><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/FILE"><span class="kw884">FILE</span></a><span class="sy2">*</span></code>.</p>
+<h3 id="Notes"> Notes</h3> <p>Although not mandated by POSIX, the UNIX convention is that <code>stdin</code> and <code>stdout</code> are line-buffered if associated with a terminal and <code>stderr</code> is unbuffered.</p>
+<p>These macros may be expanded to modifiable lvalues. If any of these <code><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/FILE"><span class="kw884">FILE</span></a><span class="sy2">*</span></code> lvalue is modified, subsequent operations on the corresponding stream result in unspecified or undefined behavior.</p>
+<h3 id="Example"> Example</h3> <div class="t-example">
+<p>This example shows a function equivalent to <code><a href="fprintf" title="c/io/fprintf">printf</a></code>.</p>
+<div class="c source-c"><pre data-language="c">#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;
+#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
+ 
+int my_printf(const char * restrict fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list vl;
+    va_start(vl, fmt);
+    int ret = vfprintf(stdout, fmt, vl);
+    va_end(vl);
+    return ret;
+}
+ 
+int main(void)
+{
+    my_printf("Rounding:\t%f %.0f %.32f\n", 1.5, 1.5, 1.3);
+    my_printf("Padding:\t%05.2f %.2f %5.2f\n", 1.5, 1.5, 1.5);
+    my_printf("Scientific:\t%E %e\n", 1.5, 1.5);
+    my_printf("Hexadecimal:\t%a %A\n", 1.5, 1.5);
+}</pre></div> <p>Possible output:</p>
+<div class="text source-text"><pre data-language="c">Rounding:       1.500000 2 1.30000000000000004440892098500626
+Padding:        01.50 1.50  1.50
+Scientific:     1.500000E+00 1.500000e+00
+Hexadecimal:    0x1.8p+0 0X1.8P+0</pre></div> </div> <h3 id="References"> References</h3>  <ul>
+<li> C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018): </li>
+<ul>
+<li> 7.21.1 Introduction (p: 217-218) </li>
+<li> 7.21.2 Streams (p: 217-219) </li>
+<li> 7.21.2 Files (p: 219-221) </li>
+</ul>
+<li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): </li>
+<ul>
+<li> 7.21.1 Introduction (p: 296-298) </li>
+<li> 7.21.2 Streams (p: 298-299) </li>
+<li> 7.21.2 Files (p: 300-302) </li>
+</ul>
+<li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): </li>
+<ul>
+<li> 7.19.1 Introduction (p: 262-264) </li>
+<li> 7.19.2 Streams (p: 264-265) </li>
+<li> 7.19.2 Files (p: 266-268) </li>
+</ul>
+<li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): </li>
+<ul>
+<li> 7.9.1 Introduction </li>
+<li> 7.9.2 Streams </li>
+<li> 7.9.3 Files </li>
+</ul>
+</ul>                       <h3 id="See_also"> See also</h3> <table class="t-dsc-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="file" title="c/io/FILE"> <span class="t-lines"><span>FILE</span></span></a></div> </td> <td> object type, capable of holding all information needed to control a C I/O stream <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span>  </td>
+</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td colspan="2"> <span><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/c/std_streams" title="cpp/io/c/std streams">C++ documentation</a></span> for <code>stdin, stdout, stderr</code> </td>
+</tr> </table>           <div class="_attribution">
+  <p class="_attribution-p">
+    &copy; cppreference.com<br>Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.<br>
+    <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/std_streams" class="_attribution-link">https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/std_streams</a>
+  </p>
+</div>