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+;;; test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority.el --- Tests for cj/org-sort-by-todo-and-priority -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
+
+;;; Commentary:
+
+;; Unit tests for cj/org-sort-by-todo-and-priority function.
+;; Tests multi-level sorting: TODO status (TODO before DONE) and priority (A before B before C).
+;;
+;; Testing approach:
+;; - Use real org-mode buffers (don't mock org-sort-entries)
+;; - Trust org-mode framework works correctly
+;; - Test OUR integration logic: calling org-sort-entries twice in correct order
+;; - Verify final sort order matches expected TODO/priority combination
+;;
+;; The function uses stable sorting:
+;; 1. First sort by priority (A, B, C, D, none)
+;; 2. Then sort by TODO status (TODO before DONE)
+;; Result: Priority order preserved within each TODO state group
+
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'org)
+(require 'org-config)  ; Defines cj/org-sort-by-todo-and-priority
+
+;;; Test Helpers
+
+(defun test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer (content)
+  "Create a temporary org-mode buffer with CONTENT.
+Returns the buffer object.
+Disables org-mode hooks to avoid missing package dependencies in batch mode."
+  (let ((buf (generate-new-buffer "*test-org-sort*")))
+    (with-current-buffer buf
+      ;; Disable hooks to prevent org-superstar and other package loads
+      (let ((org-mode-hook nil))
+        (org-mode))
+      (insert content)
+      (goto-char (point-min)))
+    buf))
+
+(defun test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order (buffer)
+  "Extract ordered list of TODO states and priorities from BUFFER.
+Returns list of strings like \"TODO [#A]\" or \"DONE\" for each heading."
+  (with-current-buffer buffer
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (let (entries)
+      (org-map-entries
+       (lambda ()
+         (let* ((todo-state (org-get-todo-state))
+                ;; Get heading: no-tags, no-todo, KEEP priority, no-comment
+                (heading (org-get-heading t t nil t))
+                ;; Extract priority cookie from heading text
+                (priority (when (string-match "\\[#\\([A-Z]\\)\\]" heading)
+                           (match-string 1 heading))))
+           (push (if priority
+                     (format "%s [#%s]" (or todo-state "") priority)
+                   (or todo-state ""))
+                 entries)))
+       nil 'tree)
+      (nreverse entries))))
+
+(defun test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children (buffer)
+  "Position cursor on parent heading in BUFFER and sort its children.
+Moves to first * heading (Parent) and calls sort function to sort children."
+  (with-current-buffer buffer
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (when (re-search-forward "^\\* " nil t)
+      (beginning-of-line)
+      (cj/org-sort-by-todo-and-priority))))
+
+;;; Normal Cases
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-normal-mixed-todo-done-sorts-correctly ()
+  "Test mixed TODO and DONE entries with various priorities sort correctly.
+
+Input: TODO [#A], DONE [#B], TODO [#C], DONE [#A]
+Expected: TODO [#A], TODO [#C], DONE [#A], DONE [#B]"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** TODO [#A] First task
+** DONE [#B] Second task
+** TODO [#C] Third task
+** DONE [#A] Fourth task
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO [#A]" "TODO [#C]" "DONE [#A]" "DONE [#B]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-normal-multiple-todos-sorts-by-priority ()
+  "Test multiple TODO entries sort by priority A before B before C.
+
+Input: TODO [#C], TODO [#A], TODO [#B]
+Expected: TODO [#A], TODO [#B], TODO [#C]"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** TODO [#C] Task C
+** TODO [#A] Task A
+** TODO [#B] Task B
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO [#A]" "TODO [#B]" "TODO [#C]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-normal-multiple-dones-sorts-by-priority ()
+  "Test multiple DONE entries sort by priority A before B before C.
+
+Input: DONE [#C], DONE [#A], DONE [#B]
+Expected: DONE [#A], DONE [#B], DONE [#C]"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** DONE [#C] Done C
+** DONE [#A] Done A
+** DONE [#B] Done B
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "DONE [#A]" "DONE [#B]" "DONE [#C]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-normal-same-priority-todo-before-done ()
+  "Test entries with same priority sort TODO before DONE.
+
+Input: DONE [#A], TODO [#A]
+Expected: TODO [#A], DONE [#A]"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** DONE [#A] Done task
+** TODO [#A] Todo task
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO [#A]" "DONE [#A]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+;;; Boundary Cases
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-empty-section-no-error ()
+  "Test sorting empty section does not signal error.
+
+Input: Heading with no children
+Expected: No error, no change"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent\n")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (with-current-buffer buf
+          (goto-char (point-min))
+          (should-not (condition-case err
+                          (progn
+                            (cj/org-sort-by-todo-and-priority)
+                            nil)
+                        (error err))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-single-todo-no-change ()
+  "Test sorting single TODO entry does not change order.
+
+Input: Single TODO [#A]
+Expected: Same order (no change)"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** TODO [#A] Only task
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO [#A]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-single-done-no-change ()
+  "Test sorting single DONE entry does not change order.
+
+Input: Single DONE [#B]
+Expected: Same order (no change)"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** DONE [#B] Only task
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "DONE [#B]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-all-todos-sorts-by-priority ()
+  "Test all TODO entries sort by priority only.
+
+Input: TODO [#C], TODO [#A], TODO [#B]
+Expected: TODO [#A], TODO [#B], TODO [#C]"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** TODO [#C] Task C
+** TODO [#A] Task A
+** TODO [#B] Task B
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO [#A]" "TODO [#B]" "TODO [#C]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-all-dones-sorts-by-priority ()
+  "Test all DONE entries sort by priority only.
+
+Input: DONE [#B], DONE [#D], DONE [#A]
+Expected: DONE [#A], DONE [#B], DONE [#D]"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** DONE [#B] Done B
+** DONE [#D] Done D
+** DONE [#A] Done A
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "DONE [#A]" "DONE [#B]" "DONE [#D]")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-no-priorities-sorts-by-todo ()
+  "Test entries without priorities sort by TODO status only.
+
+Input: TODO (no priority), DONE (no priority), TODO (no priority)
+Expected: TODO, TODO, DONE"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** TODO Task 1
+** DONE Task 2
+** TODO Task 3
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO" "TODO" "DONE")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-boundary-unprioritized-after-prioritized ()
+  "Test unprioritized entries appear after prioritized within TODO/DONE groups.
+
+Input: TODO (no priority), TODO [#A], DONE [#B], DONE (no priority)
+Expected: TODO [#A], TODO (no priority), DONE [#B], DONE (no priority)"
+  (let* ((content "* Parent
+** TODO Task no priority
+** TODO [#A] Task A
+** DONE [#B] Done B
+** DONE Done no priority
+")
+         (buf (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--create-buffer content)))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (progn
+          (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--sort-children buf)
+          (let ((order (test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority--get-entry-order buf)))
+            (should (equal order '("" "TODO [#A]" "TODO" "DONE [#B]" "DONE")))))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+;;; Error Cases
+
+(ert-deftest test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority-error-non-org-buffer-signals-error ()
+  "Test calling in non-org-mode buffer signals user-error.
+
+Input: fundamental-mode buffer
+Expected: user-error"
+  (let ((buf (generate-new-buffer "*test-non-org*")))
+    (unwind-protect
+        (with-current-buffer buf
+          (fundamental-mode)
+          (should-error (cj/org-sort-by-todo-and-priority) :type 'user-error))
+      (kill-buffer buf))))
+
+(provide 'test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority)
+;;; test-org-sort-by-todo-and-priority.el ends here