devdocs/c/io%2Fputchar.html


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    <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">putchar</h1>            <table class="t-dcl-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc-header"> <th> Defined in header <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> </tr> <tr class="t-dcl"> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> <pre data-language="c">int putchar( int ch );</pre>
</td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> <td class="t-dcl-nopad"> </td> </tr>  </table> <p>Writes a character <code>ch</code> to <code><a href="std_streams" title="c/io/std streams">stdout</a></code>. Internally, the character is converted to <code>unsigned char</code> just before being written.</p>
<p>Equivalent to <code><a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/fputc"><span class="kw831">putc</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>ch, <a href="http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/std_streams"><span class="kw886">stdout</span></a><span class="br0">)</span></code>.</p>
<h3 id="Parameters"> Parameters</h3> <table class="t-par-begin"> <tr class="t-par"> <td> ch </td> <td> - </td> <td> character to be written </td>
</tr>
</table> <h3 id="Return_value"> Return value</h3> <p>On success, returns the written character.</p>
<p>On failure, returns <code><a href="../io" title="c/io">EOF</a></code> and sets the <i>error</i> indicator (see <code><a href="ferror" title="c/io/ferror">ferror()</a></code>) on <code><a href="std_streams" title="c/io/std streams">stdout</a></code>.</p>
<h3 id="Example"> Example</h3> <div class="t-example">
<p>Shows <code>putchar</code> with error checking</p>
<div class="c source-c"><pre data-language="c">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
 
int main(void)
{
    int ret_code = 0;
    for (char c = 'a'; (ret_code != EOF) &amp;&amp; (c != 'z'); c++)
        ret_code = putchar(c);
 
    // Test whether EOF was reached.
    if (ret_code == EOF &amp;&amp; ferror(stdout))
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "putchar() failed in file %s at line # %d\n",
                __FILE__, __LINE__ - 6);
        perror("putchar()");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    putchar('\n');
 
    // putchar return value is not equal to the argument
    int r = 0x1070;
    printf("\n0x%x\n", r);
    r = putchar(r);
    printf("\n0x%x\n", r);
}</pre></div> <p>Output:</p>
<div class="text source-text"><pre data-language="c">abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy
 
0x1070
p
0x70</pre></div> </div> <h3 id="References"> References</h3>  <ul>
<li> C23 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2023): </li>
<ul><li> 7.21.7.8 The putchar function (p: TBD) </li></ul>
<li> C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018): </li>
<ul><li> 7.21.7.8 The putchar function (p: TBD) </li></ul>
<li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): </li>
<ul><li> 7.21.7.8 The putchar function (p: 333) </li></ul>
<li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): </li>
<ul><li> 7.19.7.9 The putchar function (p: 299) </li></ul>
<li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): </li>
<ul><li> 4.9.7.9 The putchar function </li></ul>
</ul>                   <h3 id="See_also"> See also</h3> <table class="t-dsc-begin"> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td> <div><a href="fputc" title="c/io/fputc"> <span class="t-lines"><span>fputc</span><span>putc</span></span></a></div> </td> <td> writes a character to a file stream <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span>  </td>
</tr> <tr class="t-dsc"> <td colspan="2"> <span><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/c/putchar" title="cpp/io/c/putchar">C++ documentation</a></span> for <code>putchar</code> </td>
</tr> </table>           <div class="_attribution">
  <p class="_attribution-p">
    &copy; cppreference.com<br>Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unported License v3.0.<br>
    <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/putchar" class="_attribution-link">https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/putchar</a>
  </p>
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