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+;;; test-external-open--open-with-argv.el --- Tests for cj/--open-with-argv -*- lexical-binding: t; -*-
+
+;;; Commentary:
+;; Unit tests for cj/--open-with-argv, the pure builder that turns the
+;; user-typed "open with" command plus a file path into an argv list.
+;; The argv shape is the hardening: the file is one list element, so paths
+;; with spaces or shell metacharacters never meet a shell.
+;;
+;; Test organization:
+;; - Normal Cases: bare program, program with args, quoted argument
+;; - Boundary Cases: file with spaces and metacharacters stays one element
+;; - Error Cases: empty and whitespace-only commands
+;;
+;;; Code:
+
+(require 'ert)
+(require 'external-open)
+
+;;; Normal Cases
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-normal-bare-program ()
+  "Normal: a bare program name yields (PROGRAM FILE)."
+  (should (equal (cj/--open-with-argv "vlc" "/tmp/foo.mp4")
+                 '("vlc" "/tmp/foo.mp4"))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-normal-program-with-args ()
+  "Normal: a command typed with arguments splits into argv words."
+  (should (equal (cj/--open-with-argv "mpv --fs --loop" "/tmp/foo.mp4")
+                 '("mpv" "--fs" "--loop" "/tmp/foo.mp4"))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-normal-quoted-arg-survives ()
+  "Normal: a double-quoted argument stays one word."
+  (should (equal (cj/--open-with-argv "player \"two words\"" "/tmp/foo.mp4")
+                 '("player" "two words" "/tmp/foo.mp4"))))
+
+;;; Boundary Cases
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-boundary-file-with-spaces ()
+  "Boundary: a path with spaces is one argv element, untouched."
+  (let ((file "/tmp/my file (draft).mp4"))
+    (should (equal (car (last (cj/--open-with-argv "vlc" file))) file))))
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-boundary-file-with-metacharacters ()
+  "Boundary: shell metacharacters in the path arrive verbatim."
+  (let ((file "/tmp/a;b&c$(d)'e.mp4"))
+    (should (equal (car (last (cj/--open-with-argv "vlc" file))) file))))
+
+;;; Error Cases
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-error-empty-command ()
+  "Error: an empty command signals user-error."
+  (should-error (cj/--open-with-argv "" "/tmp/foo.mp4") :type 'user-error))
+
+(ert-deftest test-external-open--open-with-argv-error-whitespace-command ()
+  "Error: a whitespace-only command signals user-error."
+  (should-error (cj/--open-with-argv "   " "/tmp/foo.mp4") :type 'user-error))
+
+(provide 'test-external-open--open-with-argv)
+;;; test-external-open--open-with-argv.el ends here