ligatures patch applied

10 files changed, 947 insertions, 136 deletions

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 4d49649..a65af59 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 include config.mk
 
-SRC = st.c x.c
+SRC = st.c x.c hb.c
 OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o)
 
 all: options st
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ config.h:
 	$(CC) $(STCFLAGS) -c $<
 
 st.o: config.h st.h win.h
-x.o: arg.h config.h st.h win.h
+x.o: arg.h config.h st.h win.h hb.h
+hb.o: st.h
 
 $(OBJ): config.h config.mk
 
diff --git a/config.mk b/config.mk
index 1e306f8..3e13e53 100644
--- a/config.mk
+++ b/config.mk
@@ -15,10 +15,12 @@ PKG_CONFIG = pkg-config
 # includes and libs
 INCS = -I$(X11INC) \
        `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags fontconfig` \
-       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags freetype2`
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags freetype2` \
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags harfbuzz`
 LIBS = -L$(X11LIB) -lm -lrt -lX11 -lutil -lXft \
        `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs fontconfig` \
-       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2`
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2` \
+       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs harfbuzz`
 
 # flags
 STCPPFLAGS = -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600
diff --git a/hb.c b/hb.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b42f357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
+#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
+#include <hb.h>
+#include <hb-ft.h>
+
+#include "st.h"
+#include "hb.h"
+
+#define FEATURE(c1,c2,c3,c4) { .tag = HB_TAG(c1,c2,c3,c4), .value = 1, .start = HB_FEATURE_GLOBAL_START, .end = HB_FEATURE_GLOBAL_END }
+#define BUFFER_STEP 256
+
+hb_font_t *hbfindfont(XftFont *match);
+
+typedef struct {
+	XftFont *match;
+	hb_font_t *font;
+} HbFontMatch;
+
+typedef struct {
+	size_t capacity;
+	HbFontMatch *fonts;
+} HbFontCache;
+
+static HbFontCache hbfontcache = { 0, NULL };
+
+typedef struct {
+	size_t capacity;
+	Rune *runes;
+} RuneBuffer;
+
+static RuneBuffer hbrunebuffer = { 0, NULL };
+
+/*
+ * Poplulate the array with a list of font features, wrapped in FEATURE macro,
+ * e. g.
+ * FEATURE('c', 'a', 'l', 't'), FEATURE('d', 'l', 'i', 'g')
+ */
+hb_feature_t features[] = { };
+
+void
+hbunloadfonts()
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < hbfontcache.capacity; i++) {
+		hb_font_destroy(hbfontcache.fonts[i].font);
+		XftUnlockFace(hbfontcache.fonts[i].match);
+	}
+
+	if (hbfontcache.fonts != NULL) {
+		free(hbfontcache.fonts);
+		hbfontcache.fonts = NULL;
+	}
+	hbfontcache.capacity = 0;
+}
+
+hb_font_t *
+hbfindfont(XftFont *match)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < hbfontcache.capacity; i++) {
+		if (hbfontcache.fonts[i].match == match)
+			return hbfontcache.fonts[i].font;
+	}
+
+	/* Font not found in cache, caching it now. */
+	hbfontcache.fonts = realloc(hbfontcache.fonts, sizeof(HbFontMatch) * (hbfontcache.capacity + 1));
+	FT_Face face = XftLockFace(match);
+	hb_font_t *font = hb_ft_font_create(face, NULL);
+	if (font == NULL)
+		die("Failed to load Harfbuzz font.");
+
+	hbfontcache.fonts[hbfontcache.capacity].match = match;
+	hbfontcache.fonts[hbfontcache.capacity].font = font;
+	hbfontcache.capacity += 1;
+
+	return font;
+}
+
+void hbtransform(HbTransformData *data, XftFont *xfont, const Glyph *glyphs, int start, int length) {
+	ushort mode = USHRT_MAX;
+	unsigned int glyph_count;
+	int rune_idx, glyph_idx, end = start + length;
+
+	hb_font_t *font = hbfindfont(xfont);
+	if (font == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	hb_buffer_t *buffer = hb_buffer_create();
+	hb_buffer_set_direction(buffer, HB_DIRECTION_LTR);
+
+	/* Resize the buffer if required length is larger. */
+	if (hbrunebuffer.capacity < length) {
+		hbrunebuffer.capacity = (length / BUFFER_STEP + 1) * BUFFER_STEP;
+		hbrunebuffer.runes = realloc(hbrunebuffer.runes, hbrunebuffer.capacity * sizeof(Rune));
+	}
+
+	/* Fill buffer with codepoints. */
+	for (rune_idx = 0, glyph_idx = start; glyph_idx < end; glyph_idx++, rune_idx++) {
+		hbrunebuffer.runes[rune_idx] = glyphs[glyph_idx].u;
+		mode = glyphs[glyph_idx].mode;
+		if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
+			hbrunebuffer.runes[rune_idx] = 0x0020;
+	}
+	hb_buffer_add_codepoints(buffer, hbrunebuffer.runes, length, 0, length);
+
+	/* Shape the segment. */
+	hb_shape(font, buffer, features, sizeof(features)/sizeof(hb_feature_t));
+
+	/* Get new glyph info. */
+	hb_glyph_info_t *info = hb_buffer_get_glyph_infos(buffer, &glyph_count);
+	hb_glyph_position_t *pos = hb_buffer_get_glyph_positions(buffer, &glyph_count);
+
+	/* Fill the output. */
+	data->buffer = buffer;
+	data->glyphs = info;
+	data->positions = pos;
+	data->count = glyph_count;
+}
+
+void hbcleanup(HbTransformData *data) {
+	hb_buffer_destroy(data->buffer);
+	memset(data, 0, sizeof(HbTransformData));
+}
diff --git a/hb.h b/hb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88de9bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
+#include <hb.h>
+#include <hb-ft.h>
+
+typedef struct {
+  hb_buffer_t *buffer;
+  hb_glyph_info_t *glyphs;
+  hb_glyph_position_t *positions;
+  unsigned int count;
+} HbTransformData;
+
+void hbunloadfonts();
+void hbtransform(HbTransformData *, XftFont *, const Glyph *, int, int);
+void hbcleanup(HbTransformData *);
diff --git a/st-ligatures-alpha-scrollback-20230105-0.9.diff b/st-ligatures-alpha-scrollback-20230105-0.9.diff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..435e3b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/st-ligatures-alpha-scrollback-20230105-0.9.diff
@@ -0,0 +1,610 @@
+diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
+index 470ac86..38240da 100644
+--- a/Makefile
++++ b/Makefile
+@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
+ 
+ include config.mk
+ 
+-SRC = st.c x.c
++SRC = st.c x.c hb.c
+ OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o)
+ 
+ all: options st
+@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ config.h:
+ 	$(CC) $(STCFLAGS) -c $<
+ 
+ st.o: config.h st.h win.h
+-x.o: arg.h config.h st.h win.h
++x.o: arg.h config.h st.h win.h hb.h
++hb.o: st.h
+ 
+ $(OBJ): config.h config.mk
+ 
+diff --git a/config.mk b/config.mk
+index 47c615e..d7439a3 100644
+--- a/config.mk
++++ b/config.mk
+@@ -15,10 +15,12 @@ PKG_CONFIG = pkg-config
+ # includes and libs
+ INCS = -I$(X11INC) \
+        `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags fontconfig` \
+-       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags freetype2`
+-LIBS = -L$(X11LIB) -lm -lrt -lX11 -lutil -lXft -lXrender\
++       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags freetype2` \
++       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags harfbuzz`
++LIBS = -L$(X11LIB) -lm -lrt -lX11 -lutil -lXft -lXrender \
+        `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs fontconfig` \
+-       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2`
++       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs freetype2` \
++       `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs harfbuzz`
+ 
+ # flags
+ STCPPFLAGS = -DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600
+diff --git a/hb.c b/hb.c
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..528c040
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/hb.c
+@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
++#include <stdlib.h>
++#include <stdio.h>
++#include <math.h>
++#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
++#include <X11/cursorfont.h>
++#include <hb.h>
++#include <hb-ft.h>
++
++#include "st.h"
++#include "hb.h"
++
++#define FEATURE(c1,c2,c3,c4) { .tag = HB_TAG(c1,c2,c3,c4), .value = 1, .start = HB_FEATURE_GLOBAL_START, .end = HB_FEATURE_GLOBAL_END }
++#define BUFFER_STEP 256
++
++hb_font_t *hbfindfont(XftFont *match);
++
++typedef struct {
++	XftFont *match;
++	hb_font_t *font;
++} HbFontMatch;
++
++typedef struct {
++	size_t capacity;
++	HbFontMatch *fonts;
++} HbFontCache;
++
++static HbFontCache hbfontcache = { 0, NULL };
++
++typedef struct {
++	size_t capacity;
++	Rune *runes;
++} RuneBuffer;
++
++static RuneBuffer hbrunebuffer = { 0, NULL };
++
++/*
++ * Poplulate the array with a list of font features, wrapped in FEATURE macro,
++ * e. g.
++ * FEATURE('c', 'a', 'l', 't'), FEATURE('d', 'l', 'i', 'g')
++ */
++hb_feature_t features[] = { };
++
++void
++hbunloadfonts()
++{
++	for (int i = 0; i < hbfontcache.capacity; i++) {
++		hb_font_destroy(hbfontcache.fonts[i].font);
++		XftUnlockFace(hbfontcache.fonts[i].match);
++	}
++
++	if (hbfontcache.fonts != NULL) {
++		free(hbfontcache.fonts);
++		hbfontcache.fonts = NULL;
++	}
++	hbfontcache.capacity = 0;
++}
++
++hb_font_t *
++hbfindfont(XftFont *match)
++{
++	for (int i = 0; i < hbfontcache.capacity; i++) {
++		if (hbfontcache.fonts[i].match == match)
++			return hbfontcache.fonts[i].font;
++	}
++
++	/* Font not found in cache, caching it now. */
++	hbfontcache.fonts = realloc(hbfontcache.fonts, sizeof(HbFontMatch) * (hbfontcache.capacity + 1));
++	FT_Face face = XftLockFace(match);
++	hb_font_t *font = hb_ft_font_create(face, NULL);
++	if (font == NULL)
++		die("Failed to load Harfbuzz font.");
++
++	hbfontcache.fonts[hbfontcache.capacity].match = match;
++	hbfontcache.fonts[hbfontcache.capacity].font = font;
++	hbfontcache.capacity += 1;
++
++	return font;
++}
++
++void hbtransform(HbTransformData *data, XftFont *xfont, const Glyph *glyphs, int start, int length) {
++	ushort mode = USHRT_MAX;
++	unsigned int glyph_count;
++	int rune_idx, glyph_idx, end = start + length;
++
++	hb_font_t *font = hbfindfont(xfont);
++	if (font == NULL)
++		return;
++
++	hb_buffer_t *buffer = hb_buffer_create();
++	hb_buffer_set_direction(buffer, HB_DIRECTION_LTR);
++
++	/* Resize the buffer if required length is larger. */
++	if (hbrunebuffer.capacity < length) {
++		hbrunebuffer.capacity = (length / BUFFER_STEP + 1) * BUFFER_STEP;
++		hbrunebuffer.runes = realloc(hbrunebuffer.runes, hbrunebuffer.capacity * sizeof(Rune));
++	}
++
++	/* Fill buffer with codepoints. */
++	for (rune_idx = 0, glyph_idx = start; glyph_idx < end; glyph_idx++, rune_idx++) {
++		hbrunebuffer.runes[rune_idx] = glyphs[glyph_idx].u;
++		mode = glyphs[glyph_idx].mode;
++		if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
++			hbrunebuffer.runes[rune_idx] = 0x0020;
++	}
++	hb_buffer_add_codepoints(buffer, hbrunebuffer.runes, length, 0, length);
++
++	/* Shape the segment. */
++	hb_shape(font, buffer, features, sizeof(features)/sizeof(hb_feature_t));
++
++	/* Get new glyph info. */
++	hb_glyph_info_t *info = hb_buffer_get_glyph_infos(buffer, &glyph_count);
++	hb_glyph_position_t *pos = hb_buffer_get_glyph_positions(buffer, &glyph_count);
++
++	/* Fill the output. */
++	data->buffer = buffer;
++	data->glyphs = info;
++	data->positions = pos;
++	data->count = glyph_count;
++}
++
++void hbcleanup(HbTransformData *data) {
++	hb_buffer_destroy(data->buffer);
++	memset(data, 0, sizeof(HbTransformData));
++}
+diff --git a/hb.h b/hb.h
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..88de9bd
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/hb.h
+@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
++#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
++#include <hb.h>
++#include <hb-ft.h>
++
++typedef struct {
++  hb_buffer_t *buffer;
++  hb_glyph_info_t *glyphs;
++  hb_glyph_position_t *positions;
++  unsigned int count;
++} HbTransformData;
++
++void hbunloadfonts();
++void hbtransform(HbTransformData *, XftFont *, const Glyph *, int, int);
++void hbcleanup(HbTransformData *);
+diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
+index 79ee9ba..454771d 100644
+--- a/st.c
++++ b/st.c
+@@ -2711,7 +2711,9 @@ draw(void)
+ 	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
+ 	if (term.scr == 0)
+ 		xdrawcursor(cx, term.c.y, term.line[term.c.y][cx],
+-				term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx]);
++				term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx],
++				term.line[term.ocy], term.col);
++
+ 	term.ocx = cx;
+ 	term.ocy = term.c.y;
+ 	xfinishdraw();
+diff --git a/st.h b/st.h
+index 78762a2..01eea49 100644
+--- a/st.h
++++ b/st.h
+@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
+ #define DIVCEIL(n, d)		(((n) + ((d) - 1)) / (d))
+ #define DEFAULT(a, b)		(a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)
+ #define LIMIT(x, a, b)		(x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
+-#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || \
++#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		(((a).mode & (~ATTR_WRAP)) != ((b).mode & (~ATTR_WRAP)) || \
++				(a).fg != (b).fg || \
+ 				(a).bg != (b).bg)
+ #define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2)	((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + \
+ 				(t1.tv_nsec-t2.tv_nsec)/1E6)
+diff --git a/win.h b/win.h
+index 6de960d..94679e4 100644
+--- a/win.h
++++ b/win.h
+@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ enum win_mode {
+ 
+ void xbell(void);
+ void xclipcopy(void);
+-void xdrawcursor(int, int, Glyph, int, int, Glyph);
++void xdrawcursor(int, int, Glyph, int, int, Glyph, Line, int);
+ void xdrawline(Line, int, int, int);
+ void xfinishdraw(void);
+ void xloadcols(void);
+diff --git a/x.c b/x.c
+index 27e81d1..5d19ed7 100644
+--- a/x.c
++++ b/x.c
+@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ char *argv0;
+ #include "arg.h"
+ #include "st.h"
+ #include "win.h"
++#include "hb.h"
+ 
+ /* types used in config.h */
+ typedef struct {
+@@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ typedef struct {
+ } DC;
+ 
+ static inline ushort sixd_to_16bit(int);
++static void xresetfontsettings(ushort mode, Font **font, int *frcflags);
+ static int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *, const Glyph *, int, int, int);
+ static void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *, Glyph, int, int, int);
+ static void xdrawglyph(Glyph, int, int);
+@@ -759,7 +761,7 @@ xresize(int col, int row)
+ 	xclear(0, 0, win.w, win.h);
+ 
+ 	/* resize to new width */
+-	xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
++	xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec) * 4);
+ }
+ 
+ ushort
+@@ -1071,6 +1073,9 @@ xunloadfont(Font *f)
+ void
+ xunloadfonts(void)
+ {
++	/* Clear Harfbuzz font cache. */
++	hbunloadfonts();
++
+ 	/* Free the loaded fonts in the font cache.  */
+ 	while (frclen > 0)
+ 		XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[--frclen].font);
+@@ -1202,7 +1207,7 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
+ 	XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h);
+ 
+ 	/* font spec buffer */
+-	xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
++	xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec) * 4);
+ 
+ 	/* Xft rendering context */
+ 	xw.draw = XftDrawCreate(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.vis, xw.cmap);
+@@ -1256,6 +1261,22 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
+ 		xsel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
+ }
+ 
++void
++xresetfontsettings(ushort mode, Font **font, int *frcflags)
++{
++	*font = &dc.font;
++	if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
++		*font = &dc.ibfont;
++		*frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
++	} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
++		*font = &dc.ifont;
++		*frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
++	} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
++		*font = &dc.bfont;
++		*frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
++	}
++}
++
+ int
+ xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x, int y)
+ {
+@@ -1270,119 +1291,148 @@ xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x
+ 	FcPattern *fcpattern, *fontpattern;
+ 	FcFontSet *fcsets[] = { NULL };
+ 	FcCharSet *fccharset;
+-	int i, f, numspecs = 0;
++	int i, f, length = 0, start = 0, numspecs = 0;
++  float cluster_xp = xp, cluster_yp = yp;
++	HbTransformData shaped = { 0 };
++
++	/* Initial values. */
++	mode = prevmode = glyphs[0].mode;
++	xresetfontsettings(mode, &font, &frcflags);
+ 
+ 	for (i = 0, xp = winx, yp = winy + font->ascent; i < len; ++i) {
+-		/* Fetch rune and mode for current glyph. */
+-		rune = glyphs[i].u;
+ 		mode = glyphs[i].mode;
+ 
+ 		/* Skip dummy wide-character spacing. */
+-		if (mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
++		if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY && i < (len - 1))
+ 			continue;
+ 
+-		/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
+-		if (prevmode != mode) {
+-			prevmode = mode;
+-			font = &dc.font;
+-			frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
+-			runewidth = win.cw * ((mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
+-			if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
+-				font = &dc.ibfont;
+-				frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
+-			} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
+-				font = &dc.ifont;
+-				frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
+-			} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
+-				font = &dc.bfont;
+-				frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
++		if (
++			prevmode != mode
++			|| ATTRCMP(glyphs[start], glyphs[i])
++			|| selected(x + i, y) != selected(x + start, y)
++			|| i == (len - 1)
++		) {
++			/* Handle 1-character wide segments and end of line */
++			length = i - start;
++			if (i == start) {
++				length = 1;
++			} else if (i == (len - 1)) {
++				length = (i - start + 1);
+ 			}
+-			yp = winy + font->ascent;
+-		}
+-
+-		/* Lookup character index with default font. */
+-		glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, font->match, rune);
+-		if (glyphidx) {
+-			specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
+-			specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
+-			specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
+-			specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
+-			xp += runewidth;
+-			numspecs++;
+-			continue;
+-		}
+ 
+-		/* Fallback on font cache, search the font cache for match. */
+-		for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
+-			glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
+-			/* Everything correct. */
+-			if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
+-				break;
+-			/* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
+-			if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags
+-					&& frc[f].unicodep == rune) {
+-				break;
++			/* Shape the segment. */
++			hbtransform(&shaped, font->match, glyphs, start, length);
++			runewidth = win.cw * ((glyphs[start].mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
++			cluster_xp = xp; cluster_yp = yp;
++			for (int code_idx = 0; code_idx < shaped.count; code_idx++) {
++				int idx = shaped.glyphs[code_idx].cluster;
++
++				if (glyphs[start + idx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
++					continue;
++
++				/* Advance the drawing cursor if we've moved to a new cluster */
++				if (code_idx > 0 && idx != shaped.glyphs[code_idx - 1].cluster) {
++					xp += runewidth;
++					cluster_xp = xp;
++					cluster_yp = yp;
++					runewidth = win.cw * ((glyphs[start + idx].mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
++				}
++
++				if (shaped.glyphs[code_idx].codepoint != 0) {
++					/* If symbol is found, put it into the specs. */
++					specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
++					specs[numspecs].glyph = shaped.glyphs[code_idx].codepoint;
++					specs[numspecs].x = cluster_xp + (short)(shaped.positions[code_idx].x_offset / 64.);
++					specs[numspecs].y = cluster_yp - (short)(shaped.positions[code_idx].y_offset / 64.);
++					cluster_xp += shaped.positions[code_idx].x_advance / 64.;
++					cluster_yp += shaped.positions[code_idx].y_advance / 64.;
++					numspecs++;
++				} else {
++					/* If it's not found, try to fetch it through the font cache. */
++					rune = glyphs[start + idx].u;
++					for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
++						glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
++						/* Everything correct. */
++						if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
++							break;
++						/* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
++						if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags
++								&& frc[f].unicodep == rune) {
++							break;
++						}
++					}
++
++					/* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
++					if (f >= frclen) {
++						if (!font->set)
++							font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern,
++																		 1, 0, &fcres);
++						fcsets[0] = font->set;
++
++						/*
++						 * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
++						 * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
++						 * font for one single character.
++						 *
++						 * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
++						 */
++						fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
++						fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();
++
++						FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
++						FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET,
++								fccharset);
++						FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);
++
++						FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern,
++								FcMatchPattern);
++						FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);
++
++						fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1,
++								fcpattern, &fcres);
++
++						/* Allocate memory for the new cache entry. */
++						if (frclen >= frccap) {
++							frccap += 16;
++							frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
++						}
++
++						frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy,
++								fontpattern);
++						if (!frc[frclen].font)
++							die("XftFontOpenPattern failed seeking fallback font: %s\n",
++								strerror(errno));
++						frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
++						frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;
++
++						glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);
++
++						f = frclen;
++						frclen++;
++
++						FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
++						FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
++					}
++
++					specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
++					specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
++					specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
++					specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
++					numspecs++;
++				}
+ 			}
+-		}
+-
+-		/* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
+-		if (f >= frclen) {
+-			if (!font->set)
+-				font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern,
+-				                       1, 0, &fcres);
+-			fcsets[0] = font->set;
+ 
+-			/*
+-			 * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
+-			 * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
+-			 * font for one single character.
+-			 *
+-			 * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
+-			 */
+-			fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
+-			fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();
+-
+-			FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
+-			FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET,
+-					fccharset);
+-			FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);
++			/* Cleanup and get ready for next segment. */
++			hbcleanup(&shaped);
++			start = i;
+ 
+-			FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern,
+-					FcMatchPattern);
+-			FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);
+-
+-			fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1,
+-					fcpattern, &fcres);
+-
+-			/* Allocate memory for the new cache entry. */
+-			if (frclen >= frccap) {
+-				frccap += 16;
+-				frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
++			/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
++			if (prevmode != mode) {
++				prevmode = mode;
++				xresetfontsettings(mode, &font, &frcflags);
++				yp = winy + font->ascent;
+ 			}
+-
+-			frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy,
+-					fontpattern);
+-			if (!frc[frclen].font)
+-				die("XftFontOpenPattern failed seeking fallback font: %s\n",
+-					strerror(errno));
+-			frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
+-			frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;
+-
+-			glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);
+-
+-			f = frclen;
+-			frclen++;
+-
+-			FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
+-			FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
+ 		}
+-
+-		specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
+-		specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
+-		specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
+-		specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
+-		xp += runewidth;
+-		numspecs++;
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	return numspecs;
+@@ -1534,14 +1584,17 @@ xdrawglyph(Glyph g, int x, int y)
+ }
+ 
+ void
+-xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og)
++xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og, Line line, int len)
+ {
+ 	Color drawcol;
+ 
+ 	/* remove the old cursor */
+ 	if (selected(ox, oy))
+ 		og.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
+-	xdrawglyph(og, ox, oy);
++
++	/* Redraw the line where cursor was previously.
++	 * It will restore the ligatures broken by the cursor. */
++	xdrawline(line, 0, oy, len);
+ 
+ 	if (IS_SET(MODE_HIDE))
+ 		return;
+@@ -1669,18 +1722,16 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
+ 	Glyph base, new;
+ 	XftGlyphFontSpec *specs = xw.specbuf;
+ 
+-	numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[x1], x2 - x1, x1, y1);
+ 	i = ox = 0;
+-	for (x = x1; x < x2 && i < numspecs; x++) {
++	for (x = x1; x < x2; x++) {
+ 		new = line[x];
+ 		if (new.mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
+ 			continue;
+ 		if (selected(x, y1))
+ 			new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
+-		if (i > 0 && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
+-			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
+-			specs += i;
+-			numspecs -= i;
++		if ((i > 0) && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
++			numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[ox], x - ox, ox, y1);
++			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, numspecs, ox, y1);
+ 			i = 0;
+ 		}
+ 		if (i == 0) {
+@@ -1689,8 +1740,10 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
+ 		}
+ 		i++;
+ 	}
+-	if (i > 0)
+-		xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
++	if (i > 0) {
++		numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[ox], x2 - ox, ox, y1);
++		xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, numspecs, ox, y1);
++	}
+ }
+ 
+ void
diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
index 1a6d993..fe54b95 100644
--- a/st.c
+++ b/st.c
@@ -3077,7 +3077,9 @@ draw(void)
 
 	drawregion(0, 0, term.col, term.row);
 	xdrawcursor(cx, term.c.y, term.line[term.c.y][cx],
-			term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx]);
+                term.ocx, term.ocy, term.line[term.ocy][term.ocx],
+                term.line[term.ocy], term.col);
+
 	term.ocx = cx;
 	term.ocy = term.c.y;
 	xfinishdraw();
diff --git a/st.h b/st.h
index eda7eeb..d16f417 100644
--- a/st.h
+++ b/st.h
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
 #define DIVCEIL(n, d)		(((n) + ((d) - 1)) / (d))
 #define DEFAULT(a, b)		(a) = (a) ? (a) : (b)
 #define LIMIT(x, a, b)		(x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
-#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || \
+#define ATTRCMP(a, b)		(((a).mode & (~ATTR_WRAP)) != ((b).mode & (~ATTR_WRAP)) || \
+				(a).fg != (b).fg || \
 				(a).bg != (b).bg)
 #define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2)	((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + \
 				(t1.tv_nsec-t2.tv_nsec)/1E6)
diff --git a/todo.org b/todo.org
index 5c2e314..725dbc6 100644
--- a/todo.org
+++ b/todo.org
@@ -1,22 +1,5 @@
 ST Patches
 * ST Patches Open Work
-** TODO [#A] ligatures (apply after alpha and scrollback)
-*** Description and URL
-This patch adds proper drawing of ligatures.
-The code uses Harfbuzz library to transform original text of a single line to a list of glyphs with ligatures included.
-
-Note
-    The patch adds additional dependency on Harfbuzz library and headers.
-    Original patch was made for vanilla version of ST from latest master commit. It is not 100% compatible with Scrollback and Alpha patches, so I made modified versions that you can apply on top of a Scrollback and/or Alpha patch.
-    Due to some limitations in drawing engine, ligatures will break when crossing colors, font styles or selection. They will still render properly as separate symbols, just not as ligatures.
-    Since 0.8.4 patch, there's now a way to enable additional font rendering features. Look into features array in hb.c for details.
-Boxdraw
-
-    The original patch does not work very well with the boxdraw patch. Since it requires some additional changes in the code to make ligatures compatible with boxdraw, a special version of the patch was added, that you can apply on top of the boxdraw patch.
-    It does not include Alpha or Scrollback patches.
-
-https://st.suckless.org/patches/ligatures/
-https://st.suckless.org/patches/ligatures/0.9/st-ligatures-alpha-scrollback-20230105-0.9.diff
 ** TODO [#B] externalpipe
 *** Description and URLs
 Reading and writing st's screen through a pipe.
@@ -89,6 +72,28 @@ https://st.suckless.org/patches/colorschemes/st-colorschemes-0.8.5.diff
 ** TODO [#D] allows for 2 transparencies: based on window focus state
 st-focus-20200731-patch_alpha.diff
 * ST Patches Completed
+** DONE [#A] ligatures (apply after alpha and scrollback)
+*** 2023-07-23 @ 15:31:37 -0500 Tested and working fine
+<= and || showed up instantly when switching font to FiraCode Nerd Font Mono
+*** 2023-07-23 @ 15:07:50 -0500 Patch applied w/ manual intervention
+Minimal changes. Surprised there was any issues here. I couldn't find why the patterns couldn't match.
+I'd forgotten how touchy Makefiles are. Hard to tell what whitespace was missing in config.mk.
+*** Description and URL
+This patch adds proper drawing of ligatures.
+The code uses Harfbuzz library to transform original text of a single line to a list of glyphs with ligatures included.
+
+Note
+    The patch adds additional dependency on Harfbuzz library and headers.
+    Original patch was made for vanilla version of ST from latest master commit. It is not 100% compatible with Scrollback and Alpha patches, so I made modified versions that you can apply on top of a Scrollback and/or Alpha patch.
+    Due to some limitations in drawing engine, ligatures will break when crossing colors, font styles or selection. They will still render properly as separate symbols, just not as ligatures.
+    Since 0.8.4 patch, there's now a way to enable additional font rendering features. Look into features array in hb.c for details.
+Boxdraw
+
+    The original patch does not work very well with the boxdraw patch. Since it requires some additional changes in the code to make ligatures compatible with boxdraw, a special version of the patch was added, that you can apply on top of the boxdraw patch.
+    It does not include Alpha or Scrollback patches.
+
+https://st.suckless.org/patches/ligatures/
+https://st.suckless.org/patches/ligatures/0.9/st-ligatures-alpha-scrollback-20230105-0.9.diff
 ** DONE [#A] alpha
 *** 2023-07-23 @ 15:00:52 -0500 Patch applied successfully without issue
 *** Patch Description and URL
@@ -146,4 +151,3 @@ https://st.suckless.org/patches/scrollback/st-scrollback-mouse-20220127-2c5edf2.
 Apply the following patch on top of the previous two to allow scrollback using mouse wheel only when not in MODE_ALTSCREEN.
 https://st.suckless.org/patches/scrollback/st-scrollback-mouse-altscreen-20220127-2c5edf2.diff
 
-* ST Patches Cancelled
diff --git a/win.h b/win.h
index 6de960d..94679e4 100644
--- a/win.h
+++ b/win.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ enum win_mode {
 
 void xbell(void);
 void xclipcopy(void);
-void xdrawcursor(int, int, Glyph, int, int, Glyph);
+void xdrawcursor(int, int, Glyph, int, int, Glyph, Line, int);
 void xdrawline(Line, int, int, int);
 void xfinishdraw(void);
 void xloadcols(void);
diff --git a/x.c b/x.c
index 821e81e..62bb683 100644
--- a/x.c
+++ b/x.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ char *argv0;
 #include "arg.h"
 #include "st.h"
 #include "win.h"
+#include "hb.h"
 
 /* types used in config.h */
 typedef struct {
@@ -143,6 +144,7 @@ typedef struct {
 } DC;
 
 static inline ushort sixd_to_16bit(int);
+static void xresetfontsettings(ushort mode, Font **font, int *frcflags);
 static int xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *, const Glyph *, int, int, int);
 static void xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *, Glyph, int, int, int);
 static void xdrawglyph(Glyph, int, int);
@@ -761,7 +763,7 @@ xresize(int col, int row)
 	xclear(0, 0, win.w, win.h);
 
 	/* resize to new width */
-	xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
+	xw.specbuf = xrealloc(xw.specbuf, col * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec) * 4);
 }
 
 ushort
@@ -1076,6 +1078,9 @@ xunloadfont(Font *f)
 void
 xunloadfonts(void)
 {
+	/* Clear Harfbuzz font cache. */
+	hbunloadfonts();
+
 	/* Free the loaded fonts in the font cache.  */
 	while (frclen > 0)
 		XftFontClose(xw.dpy, frc[--frclen].font);
@@ -1207,7 +1212,7 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 	XFillRectangle(xw.dpy, xw.buf, dc.gc, 0, 0, win.w, win.h);
 
 	/* font spec buffer */
-	xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec));
+	xw.specbuf = xmalloc(cols * sizeof(GlyphFontSpec) * 4);
 
 	/* Xft rendering context */
 	xw.draw = XftDrawCreate(xw.dpy, xw.buf, xw.vis, xw.cmap);
@@ -1261,6 +1266,22 @@ xinit(int cols, int rows)
 		xsel.xtarget = XA_STRING;
 }
 
+void
+xresetfontsettings(ushort mode, Font **font, int *frcflags)
+{
+	*font = &dc.font;
+	if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
+		*font = &dc.ibfont;
+		*frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
+	} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
+		*font = &dc.ifont;
+		*frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
+	} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
+		*font = &dc.bfont;
+		*frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
+	}
+}
+
 int
 xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x, int y)
 {
@@ -1275,119 +1296,148 @@ xmakeglyphfontspecs(XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, const Glyph *glyphs, int len, int x
 	FcPattern *fcpattern, *fontpattern;
 	FcFontSet *fcsets[] = { NULL };
 	FcCharSet *fccharset;
-	int i, f, numspecs = 0;
+	int i, f, length = 0, start = 0, numspecs = 0;
+  float cluster_xp = xp, cluster_yp = yp;
+	HbTransformData shaped = { 0 };
+
+	/* Initial values. */
+	mode = prevmode = glyphs[0].mode;
+	xresetfontsettings(mode, &font, &frcflags);
 
 	for (i = 0, xp = winx, yp = winy + font->ascent; i < len; ++i) {
-		/* Fetch rune and mode for current glyph. */
-		rune = glyphs[i].u;
 		mode = glyphs[i].mode;
 
 		/* Skip dummy wide-character spacing. */
-		if (mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
+		if (mode & ATTR_WDUMMY && i < (len - 1))
 			continue;
 
-		/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
-		if (prevmode != mode) {
-			prevmode = mode;
-			font = &dc.font;
-			frcflags = FRC_NORMAL;
-			runewidth = win.cw * ((mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
-			if ((mode & ATTR_ITALIC) && (mode & ATTR_BOLD)) {
-				font = &dc.ibfont;
-				frcflags = FRC_ITALICBOLD;
-			} else if (mode & ATTR_ITALIC) {
-				font = &dc.ifont;
-				frcflags = FRC_ITALIC;
-			} else if (mode & ATTR_BOLD) {
-				font = &dc.bfont;
-				frcflags = FRC_BOLD;
+		if (
+			prevmode != mode
+			|| ATTRCMP(glyphs[start], glyphs[i])
+			|| selected(x + i, y) != selected(x + start, y)
+			|| i == (len - 1)
+		) {
+			/* Handle 1-character wide segments and end of line */
+			length = i - start;
+			if (i == start) {
+				length = 1;
+			} else if (i == (len - 1)) {
+				length = (i - start + 1);
 			}
-			yp = winy + font->ascent;
-		}
-
-		/* Lookup character index with default font. */
-		glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, font->match, rune);
-		if (glyphidx) {
-			specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
-			specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
-			specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
-			specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
-			xp += runewidth;
-			numspecs++;
-			continue;
-		}
 
-		/* Fallback on font cache, search the font cache for match. */
-		for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
-			glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
-			/* Everything correct. */
-			if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
-				break;
-			/* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
-			if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags
-					&& frc[f].unicodep == rune) {
-				break;
+			/* Shape the segment. */
+			hbtransform(&shaped, font->match, glyphs, start, length);
+			runewidth = win.cw * ((glyphs[start].mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
+			cluster_xp = xp; cluster_yp = yp;
+			for (int code_idx = 0; code_idx < shaped.count; code_idx++) {
+				int idx = shaped.glyphs[code_idx].cluster;
+
+				if (glyphs[start + idx].mode & ATTR_WDUMMY)
+					continue;
+
+				/* Advance the drawing cursor if we've moved to a new cluster */
+				if (code_idx > 0 && idx != shaped.glyphs[code_idx - 1].cluster) {
+					xp += runewidth;
+					cluster_xp = xp;
+					cluster_yp = yp;
+					runewidth = win.cw * ((glyphs[start + idx].mode & ATTR_WIDE) ? 2.0f : 1.0f);
+				}
+
+				if (shaped.glyphs[code_idx].codepoint != 0) {
+					/* If symbol is found, put it into the specs. */
+					specs[numspecs].font = font->match;
+					specs[numspecs].glyph = shaped.glyphs[code_idx].codepoint;
+					specs[numspecs].x = cluster_xp + (short)(shaped.positions[code_idx].x_offset / 64.);
+					specs[numspecs].y = cluster_yp - (short)(shaped.positions[code_idx].y_offset / 64.);
+					cluster_xp += shaped.positions[code_idx].x_advance / 64.;
+					cluster_yp += shaped.positions[code_idx].y_advance / 64.;
+					numspecs++;
+				} else {
+					/* If it's not found, try to fetch it through the font cache. */
+					rune = glyphs[start + idx].u;
+					for (f = 0; f < frclen; f++) {
+						glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[f].font, rune);
+						/* Everything correct. */
+						if (glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags)
+							break;
+						/* We got a default font for a not found glyph. */
+						if (!glyphidx && frc[f].flags == frcflags
+								&& frc[f].unicodep == rune) {
+							break;
+						}
+					}
+
+					/* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
+					if (f >= frclen) {
+						if (!font->set)
+							font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern,
+																		 1, 0, &fcres);
+						fcsets[0] = font->set;
+
+						/*
+						 * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
+						 * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
+						 * font for one single character.
+						 *
+						 * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
+						 */
+						fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
+						fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();
+
+						FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
+						FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET,
+								fccharset);
+						FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);
+
+						FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern,
+								FcMatchPattern);
+						FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);
+
+						fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1,
+								fcpattern, &fcres);
+
+						/* Allocate memory for the new cache entry. */
+						if (frclen >= frccap) {
+							frccap += 16;
+							frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
+						}
+
+						frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy,
+								fontpattern);
+						if (!frc[frclen].font)
+							die("XftFontOpenPattern failed seeking fallback font: %s\n",
+								strerror(errno));
+						frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
+						frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;
+
+						glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);
+
+						f = frclen;
+						frclen++;
+
+						FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
+						FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
+					}
+
+					specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
+					specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
+					specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
+					specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
+					numspecs++;
+				}
 			}
-		}
-
-		/* Nothing was found. Use fontconfig to find matching font. */
-		if (f >= frclen) {
-			if (!font->set)
-				font->set = FcFontSort(0, font->pattern,
-				                       1, 0, &fcres);
-			fcsets[0] = font->set;
 
-			/*
-			 * Nothing was found in the cache. Now use
-			 * some dozen of Fontconfig calls to get the
-			 * font for one single character.
-			 *
-			 * Xft and fontconfig are design failures.
-			 */
-			fcpattern = FcPatternDuplicate(font->pattern);
-			fccharset = FcCharSetCreate();
-
-			FcCharSetAddChar(fccharset, rune);
-			FcPatternAddCharSet(fcpattern, FC_CHARSET,
-					fccharset);
-			FcPatternAddBool(fcpattern, FC_SCALABLE, 1);
+			/* Cleanup and get ready for next segment. */
+			hbcleanup(&shaped);
+			start = i;
 
-			FcConfigSubstitute(0, fcpattern,
-					FcMatchPattern);
-			FcDefaultSubstitute(fcpattern);
-
-			fontpattern = FcFontSetMatch(0, fcsets, 1,
-					fcpattern, &fcres);
-
-			/* Allocate memory for the new cache entry. */
-			if (frclen >= frccap) {
-				frccap += 16;
-				frc = xrealloc(frc, frccap * sizeof(Fontcache));
+			/* Determine font for glyph if different from previous glyph. */
+			if (prevmode != mode) {
+				prevmode = mode;
+				xresetfontsettings(mode, &font, &frcflags);
+				yp = winy + font->ascent;
 			}
-
-			frc[frclen].font = XftFontOpenPattern(xw.dpy,
-					fontpattern);
-			if (!frc[frclen].font)
-				die("XftFontOpenPattern failed seeking fallback font: %s\n",
-					strerror(errno));
-			frc[frclen].flags = frcflags;
-			frc[frclen].unicodep = rune;
-
-			glyphidx = XftCharIndex(xw.dpy, frc[frclen].font, rune);
-
-			f = frclen;
-			frclen++;
-
-			FcPatternDestroy(fcpattern);
-			FcCharSetDestroy(fccharset);
 		}
-
-		specs[numspecs].font = frc[f].font;
-		specs[numspecs].glyph = glyphidx;
-		specs[numspecs].x = (short)xp;
-		specs[numspecs].y = (short)yp;
-		xp += runewidth;
-		numspecs++;
 	}
 
 	return numspecs;
@@ -1539,14 +1589,17 @@ xdrawglyph(Glyph g, int x, int y)
 }
 
 void
-xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og)
+xdrawcursor(int cx, int cy, Glyph g, int ox, int oy, Glyph og, Line line, int len)
 {
 	Color drawcol;
 
 	/* remove the old cursor */
 	if (selected(ox, oy))
 		og.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-	xdrawglyph(og, ox, oy);
+
+	/* Redraw the line where cursor was previously.
+	 * It will restore the ligatures broken by the cursor. */
+	xdrawline(line, 0, oy, len);
 
 	if (IS_SET(MODE_HIDE))
 		return;
@@ -1674,18 +1727,16 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
 	Glyph base, new;
 	XftGlyphFontSpec *specs = xw.specbuf;
 
-	numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[x1], x2 - x1, x1, y1);
 	i = ox = 0;
-	for (x = x1; x < x2 && i < numspecs; x++) {
+	for (x = x1; x < x2; x++) {
 		new = line[x];
 		if (new.mode == ATTR_WDUMMY)
 			continue;
 		if (selected(x, y1))
 			new.mode ^= ATTR_REVERSE;
-		if (i > 0 && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
-			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
-			specs += i;
-			numspecs -= i;
+		if ((i > 0) && ATTRCMP(base, new)) {
+			numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[ox], x - ox, ox, y1);
+			xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, numspecs, ox, y1);
 			i = 0;
 		}
 		if (i == 0) {
@@ -1694,8 +1745,10 @@ xdrawline(Line line, int x1, int y1, int x2)
 		}
 		i++;
 	}
-	if (i > 0)
-		xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, i, ox, y1);
+	if (i > 0) {
+		numspecs = xmakeglyphfontspecs(specs, &line[ox], x2 - ox, ox, y1);
+		xdrawglyphfontspecs(specs, base, numspecs, ox, y1);
+	}
 }
 
 void